Nimbus to Now

The history of NASA's Earth-observing missions.


Universe

Solar System

Sun

Earth

Universe

Past

ASCA Satellite

ASCA (formerly named Astro-D)
Launched: February 20, 1993.
Time operating: 7 years until lost in July 14, 2000.
Read more.

Astro Observatory

Astro-1
Launched: December 2, 1990.
Returned: December 11, 1990. Read more.

Operating

Asthros poster

ASTHROS
Planned to launch: December 2023.
Made to study the Cosmos with a stratospheric balloon. Read more.

Chandra X-Ray Observatory poster

Chandra X-ray Observatory
"A new project turns images from Chandra [...] into sound, allowing users to 'listen' to the center of the Milky Way galaxy." Read more.

Future

Galaxy image with a checkered plane over it

Euclid
Euclid is a European Space Agency (ESA) M-class mission to study the geometry and nature of the dark Universe. Read more.

LISA Laser Interferometer Space Antenna poster

LISA
"LISA is a space-based gravitational wave observatory building on the success of LISA Pathfinder and LIGO." Read more.

Solar System

Past

Cassini poster

Cassini
Distance traveled: 4.9 billion miles.
Years in space: 20.
Read more.

Clementine poster

Clementine
Launched: January 25, 1994.
First U.S. spacecraft launched to the Moon in over 20 years. Read more.

Operating

BepiColombo satellite poster

BepiColombo
Launched: October 2018.
Scheduled to begin orbiting Mercury in 2025 and will study the planet's surface and interior.
Read more.

ExoMars 2016 Trace Gas Orbiter satellite poster

ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter
Launched: March 14, 2016.
Entered the Mars orbit on October 19, 2016. Read more.

Future

DAVINCI poster

DAVINCI+
Deep Atmosphere Venus Investigation of Noble Gases, Chemistry, and Imagining
Read more.

Dragonfly poster>

Dragonfly
Designed to investigate Titan's environment to sample materials and determine surface composition. Read more.

Sun

Past

BARREL (big balloon) being launched to float over Halley station

BARREL
Launched over Halley station to float above Antarctica and observe magnetic fields.
Read more.

Cluster II (satellite) in space facing the Sun

Cluster II
"The current Cluster II mission is a near-replica of the original four-spacecraft mission lost at launch in 1996." Read more.

Operating

ACE Advanced Composition Explorer poster

ACE
Observes particles of solar, interplanetary, interstellar, and galactic origins.
Read more.

ARTEMIS The First Earth-Moon Libration Orbiter

ARTEMIS
This satellite studies the moon's interaction with the sun. Read more.

Future

AWE Atmospheric Waves Experiment poster

Atmospheric Waves Experiment
Planned to launch in August 2022.
Read more.

CuPID Cusp Plasma Imaging Detector poster

CuPID
NASA's first wide-field soft X-ray camera. Read more.

Earth

Past

ACRIMSAT Monitoring solar radiation, Earth's main energy source poster

ACRIMSAT
Alternate name: 26033
Launched: December 21, 1999
Read more.

ADEOS Advanced Earth Observing Satellite poster

Advanced Earth Observing Satellite (ADEOS)
Launched: August 17, 1996.
Completion: June 30, 1997.
Read more.

Operating

ACT-America poster

ACT-America
Studies the transport of atmospheric carbon.
Read more.

Aqua Studying the precipitation, evaporation, and cycling of water poster

Aqua
Collects information about the Earth's water cycle.
Read more.

Operating

CLARREO Enabling highly accurate decadal climate change observations poster

CLARREO
Scheduled to be hosted on the International Space Station (ISS) in 2023.
Read more.

EMIT Earth Surface Mineral Dust Source Investigation poster

EMIT
It will use NASA-invented imaging spectroscopy technology to measure the mineral composition.
Read more.